Bill C-4 explained in plain English
An Act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act and to make consequential and related amendments to other Acts
Federal Parliament bill summary, status, timeline, sponsor, votes, and official sources.
At a glance
Official Parliament of Canada snapshot for 40th Parliament, 3rd Session. MP vote breakdowns appear when the House of Commons publishes a recorded division export for that bill. Senate and House stage details include official debate/sitting links when LEGISinfo publishes them.
Our plain-language take, written for civic education.
Source: By PoliticalData.ca
This bill amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act to change sentencing principles, definitions of offences, and procedures for charging youth as adults, with consequential changes to other acts.
Bill C-4, also known as Sébastien's Law, amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act. It aims to strengthen public safety by modifying rules around sentencing for young offenders, particularly for serious violent offences. Key changes include redefining certain offences, altering the conditions under which a young person can be charged as an adult, and updating principles related to youth sentencing and custody. The bill also makes consequential amendments to other federal acts.
- Amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act to change its general principles and sentencing provisions.
- Changes rules regarding judicial interim release, adult and youth sentences, publication bans, and placement in youth custody.
- Defines 'violent offence' and 'serious offence', and modifies the definition of 'serious violent offence'.
- Repeals the definition of 'presumptive offence'.
- Requires police forces to keep records of extrajudicial measures used with young persons.
- Amends the Prisons and Reformatories Act and the Corrections and Conditional Release Act.
- Makes consequential amendments to the Criminal Code and the DNA Identification Act.
- Young persons subject to the youth criminal justice system.
- Law enforcement officers.
- Crown prosecutors (Attorney General).
- Defence counsel.
- Judges and justices.
- Parents of young persons.
- Correctional service staff.
- Incarcerated individuals (youth and adults, depending on sentence and transfer).
- Police are obligated to keep records of extrajudicial measures used.
- Young persons may be subject to adult sentences under specific conditions.
- The Attorney General has the right to apply for an adult sentence for a young person.
- Judges must consider specific principles when sentencing youth and deciding on adult sentences.
- Publication bans may be lifted in certain cases involving violent offences.
- Rights related to appeals of sentencing and custody orders are affected.
- The bill comes into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
- Penalties and sentencing options for youth are modified, potentially leading to adult sentences in certain cases.
- Changes affect the application of adult sentences and youth sentences.
- The specific day or days on which the Act comes into force are not yet determined, as this will be set by order of the Governor in Council.
- The interpretation of 'serious offence' and 'violent offence' may lead to varying judicial decisions.
- The conditions under which an adult sentence can be imposed require judicial discretion and are subject to specific legal tests.
- The bill does not specify the exact nature or extent of the records police must keep regarding extrajudicial measures.
Changes definitions of offences, sentencing principles, rules for applying adult sentences to youth, and procedures for custody and publication bans. It also requires police to record extrajudicial measures used with young persons.
Source: Sections 2 to 28
Modifies the definition of 'sentence' to include youth sentences and updates rules regarding remission and release dates for prisoners transferred from youth custody.
Source: Sections 32-33
Updates the definition of 'sentence' to include youth sentences and modifies rules related to statutory release for offenders serving youth sentences.
Source: Sections 30-31
Consequential amendments are made, including changes related to the record of conviction for offenders.
Source: Sections 34-35
Consequential amendments are made regarding the application of provisions related to serious violent offences under the Youth Criminal Justice Act to the convicted offenders index and the destruction of DNA samples.
Source: Sections 36-37
Generated using AI from official bill text. Not legal advice. It is written by PoliticalData.ca for civic education, automatically checked and spot-reviewed before publishing.
Official textThe official summary published alongside the bill, shown exactly as written.
Source: Parliament of Canada (LEGISinfo)
A legislative summary is currently being prepared for this bill by the Parliamentary Information and Research Service of the Library of Parliament. Meanwhile, the following executive summary is available. On 16 March 2010, the Minister of Justice introduced Bill C-4, An Act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act (Sébastien’s Law (Protecting the Public from Violent Young Offenders)) and to make consequential and related amendments to other Acts in the House of Commons and it was given first reading. The bill amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act. Among other things, it • makes protection of society a primary goal of the act; • adds denunciation and deterrence to sentencing principles; • requires the Crown to consider seeking adult sentences for youth convicted of certain violent crimes, including murder, attempted murder, manslaughter and aggravated assault. The Crown would also be required to inform the court should they chose not to apply for an adult sentence; • requires that offenders under the age of 18 who are sentenced to custody will be placed in youth facilities only, even if they receive an adult sentence; • defines the terms “violent offence” and “serious offence”, amends the definition “serious violent offence” and repeals the definition “presumptive offence”; • allows the custody of young persons where they have committed an indictable offence for which an adult would be liable to imprisonment for a term of more than two years and has a history that indicates a pattern of extrajudicial sanctions; • in respect of pre-trial detention rules, detains youths charged with a “serious offence” while he or she awaits trial; and • requires the courts to consider lifting the publication ban on the names of young offenders convicted of “violent offences,” when youth sentences are given. The bill also requires police forces to keep records of extrajudicial measures used to deal with young persons, in order to make it easier to identify patterns of re-offending.
This is the official summary published by the Parliament of Canada, shown verbatim. Not legal advice. PoliticalData.ca did not write or edit this text.
View on LEGISinfoParliamentary Process
We don't have a plain-language summary for First reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.
We don't have a plain-language summary for Second reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.
We don't have a plain-language summary for Third reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.
Bill C-4, concerning amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, completed its first reading in the House of Commons on March 16, 2010, and was subsequently referred to committee after second reading.
This record indicates that Bill C-4, an act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act, completed its first reading in the House of Commons on March 16, 2010. It later moved to second reading on March 19, 2010, and was referred to committee for consideration, with committee meetings taking place on various dates between May 2010 and March 2011. The bill is currently at the stage of consideration in committee. Speeches were made during the second reading debates.
Bill C-4, concerning amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, was introduced and debated for the first time in the House of Commons.
This document records the first reading and debate of Bill C-4, titled "An Act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act and to make consequential and related amendments to other Acts". This procedural step involved the introduction of the bill, and some initial debate on its provisions.
Bill C-4 completed second reading in the House of Commons on May 3, 2010, and was referred to a committee.
The House of Commons completed the second reading stage for Bill C-4 on May 3, 2010. This stage involved speeches and a referral to a committee for further examination. The bill aims to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act.
During the second reading debate of Bill C-4 in the House of Commons, Members discussed proposed amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act aimed at prioritizing public protection and accountability for young offenders, alongside other unrelated parliamentary business.
This document is a record of the House of Commons debate during the second reading of Bill C-4, An Act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act. The debate focused on proposed changes to the Act that would make the protection of society a primary goal, simplify pretrial detention rules, strengthen sentencing, and require the Crown to consider adult sentences for serious youth offences. Members from different parties discussed the bill's potential impacts, referencing the Nunn report and comparing it to the Quebec model of youth justice. The debate also touched upon unrelated matters including statements by members on various topics, oral questions regarding airline security, tax harmonization, employment insurance, rights and democracy, pensions, Afghanistan, post-secondary education, international cooperation, government appointments, health, medical isotopes, firearms registry, code of conduct, telecommunications, citizenship and immigration, shipbuilding, public safety, rural regions, the budget, and international aid, as well as routine proceedings on treaties, committees, and petitions.
On April 22, 2010, the House of Commons convened to discuss multiple bills including Bill C-4 (Sébastien's Law) and Bill C-5 (International Transfer of Offenders Act), heard statements on various issues, and addressed routine parliamentary proceedings.
This artifact is a record of a sitting of the House of Commons on April 22, 2010. It details various proceedings, including the tabling of government responses to petitions, the introduction of new bills (Bill C-16, an Act to amend the Criminal Code, and Bill C-516, an Act to amend the Old Age Security Act), a motion to split Bill C-9 (Jobs and Economic Growth Act) for committee review, and discussions on other matters during Routine Proceedings and Government Orders. The debate on Bill C-4, Sébastien's Law, was also underway, along with discussions on Bill C-5, the International Transfer of Offenders Act, and private members' business including the Italian-Canadian Recognition and Restitution Act. The sitting also included Oral Questions on various topics and Statements by Members on diverse subjects.
During a House of Commons debate on April 23, 2010, members discussed Bill C-4, focusing on amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, with significant debate on rehabilitation versus punishment for young offenders and comparisons to Quebec's justice system.
This artifact is a record of a debate during the second reading stage of Bill C-4 in the House of Commons on April 23, 2010. Members of Parliament from various parties (NDP, Liberal, Bloc Québécois) spoke on the bill, which aims to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act. Key themes discussed included the balance between punishment and rehabilitation for young offenders, the potential impact of proposed changes on youth crime rates, the effectiveness of different justice system approaches (citing Quebec's model as an example), concerns about specific provisions such as publication bans and the handling of extrajudicial measures, and the importance of addressing root causes of crime like poverty and fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. The debate also touched upon related issues like the closure of prison farms and the government's approach to crime prevention. The artifact includes procedural elements like the continuation of debate from a previous sitting and the scheduling of further proceedings.
During the second reading debate on Bill C-4, also known as Sébastien's Law, Members of Parliament discussed proposed changes to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, with significant debate focusing on the balance between public safety, rehabilitation, and the potential impact of measures like lifting publication bans on young offenders.
The House of Commons debated Bill C-4, also known as Sébastien's Law, concerning amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act. Members from various parties discussed concerns about proposed changes, including the potential lifting of publication bans on young offenders' names, the emphasis on deterrence and denunciation over rehabilitation, and the overall direction of the bill towards being "tough on crime" rather than "smart on crime." Several members highlighted the success of Quebec's rehabilitation-focused approach and the importance of preventative measures and restorative justice. There was also discussion about the potential impact of these changes on the youth justice system and whether they align with international conventions. Ultimately, the motion to refer the bill to committee was agreed to.
On March 23, 2011, the House of Commons was in the process of considering Bill C-4 in committee, a stage that was not completed on that day.
The House of Commons was scheduled to consider Bill C-4 in committee on March 23, 2011. This stage of the legislative process was not completed on that date. The bill had previously passed first reading on March 16, 2010, and second reading on March 19, 2010, after which it was referred to committee. Several committee sittings occurred between May 2010 and March 2011.
We don't have a plain-language summary for Report stage yet. The official source linked below is the full record.
We don't have a plain-language summary for Third reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.
Debate and sitting links point to official parliamentary sources when LEGISinfo publishes them. Any plain-language discussion summaries should be generated from those official texts and reviewed before public display.
Vote Summary
This bill is still active. We only show vote counts after the legislature publishes a recorded division.
No published representative vote breakdown
This bill is still moving through the process. When a recorded division is published, representative positions can be listed here.
Official sources
Status, sponsor, votes, and timeline on this page are drawn from these official legislative sources and public records. Each summary above is attributed to its own source.
How this data is sourced