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FederalDid not become law (session ended)40th Parliament, 3rd Session

Bill C-4 explained in plain English

An Act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act and to make consequential and related amendments to other Acts

Federal Parliament bill summary, status, timeline, sponsor, votes, and official sources.

At a glance

Jurisdiction
Federal Parliament
Legislature / Parliament
Parliament of Canada
Session
40th Parliament, 3rd Session
Bill number
Bill C-4
Full title
An Act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act and to make consequential and related amendments to other Acts
Current status
Did not become law (session ended)
Latest event
At consideration in committee in the House of Commons
Last updated
May 3, 2010

Official Parliament of Canada snapshot for 40th Parliament, 3rd Session. MP vote breakdowns appear when the House of Commons publishes a recorded division export for that bill. Senate and House stage details include official debate/sitting links when LEGISinfo publishes them.

Chamber
Parliament of Canada
Current Stage
At consideration in committee in the House of Commons
Latest Activity
May 3, 2010
Plain-language explanation
In plain English (our explanation)

Our plain-language take, written for civic education.

Source: By PoliticalData.ca

AI-assisted, reviewed before publishing
Short Version

This bill amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act to change sentencing principles, definitions of offences, and procedures for charging youth as adults, with consequential changes to other acts.

What It Means

Bill C-4, also known as Sébastien's Law, amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act. It aims to strengthen public safety by modifying rules around sentencing for young offenders, particularly for serious violent offences. Key changes include redefining certain offences, altering the conditions under which a young person can be charged as an adult, and updating principles related to youth sentencing and custody. The bill also makes consequential amendments to other federal acts.

What This Bill Does
  • Amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act to change its general principles and sentencing provisions.
  • Changes rules regarding judicial interim release, adult and youth sentences, publication bans, and placement in youth custody.
  • Defines 'violent offence' and 'serious offence', and modifies the definition of 'serious violent offence'.
  • Repeals the definition of 'presumptive offence'.
  • Requires police forces to keep records of extrajudicial measures used with young persons.
  • Amends the Prisons and Reformatories Act and the Corrections and Conditional Release Act.
  • Makes consequential amendments to the Criminal Code and the DNA Identification Act.
Who Is Affected
  • Young persons subject to the youth criminal justice system.
  • Law enforcement officers.
  • Crown prosecutors (Attorney General).
  • Defence counsel.
  • Judges and justices.
  • Parents of young persons.
  • Correctional service staff.
  • Incarcerated individuals (youth and adults, depending on sentence and transfer).
Rights, Duties, Or Obligations
  • Police are obligated to keep records of extrajudicial measures used.
  • Young persons may be subject to adult sentences under specific conditions.
  • The Attorney General has the right to apply for an adult sentence for a young person.
  • Judges must consider specific principles when sentencing youth and deciding on adult sentences.
  • Publication bans may be lifted in certain cases involving violent offences.
  • Rights related to appeals of sentencing and custody orders are affected.
Important Dates
  • The bill comes into force on a day or days to be fixed by order of the Governor in Council.
Enforcement Or Penalties
  • Penalties and sentencing options for youth are modified, potentially leading to adult sentences in certain cases.
  • Changes affect the application of adult sentences and youth sentences.
Uncertainties Or Limits
  • The specific day or days on which the Act comes into force are not yet determined, as this will be set by order of the Governor in Council.
  • The interpretation of 'serious offence' and 'violent offence' may lead to varying judicial decisions.
  • The conditions under which an adult sentence can be imposed require judicial discretion and are subject to specific legal tests.
  • The bill does not specify the exact nature or extent of the records police must keep regarding extrajudicial measures.
Laws Or Regulations Affected
Youth Criminal Justice Act
amends

Changes definitions of offences, sentencing principles, rules for applying adult sentences to youth, and procedures for custody and publication bans. It also requires police to record extrajudicial measures used with young persons.

Source: Sections 2 to 28

Prisons and Reformatories Act
amends

Modifies the definition of 'sentence' to include youth sentences and updates rules regarding remission and release dates for prisoners transferred from youth custody.

Source: Sections 32-33

Corrections and Conditional Release Act
amends

Updates the definition of 'sentence' to include youth sentences and modifies rules related to statutory release for offenders serving youth sentences.

Source: Sections 30-31

Criminal Code
amends

Consequential amendments are made, including changes related to the record of conviction for offenders.

Source: Sections 34-35

DNA Identification Act
amends

Consequential amendments are made regarding the application of provisions related to serious violent offences under the Youth Criminal Justice Act to the convicted offenders index and the destruction of DNA samples.

Source: Sections 36-37

Generated using AI from official bill text. Not legal advice. It is written by PoliticalData.ca for civic education, automatically checked and spot-reviewed before publishing.

Official text
Official summary
Official summary (Parliament of Canada)

The official summary published alongside the bill, shown exactly as written.

Source: Parliament of Canada (LEGISinfo)

Third-party sourceView on LEGISinfo

A legislative summary is currently being prepared for this bill by the Parliamentary Information and Research Service of the Library of Parliament. Meanwhile, the following executive summary is available. On 16 March 2010, the Minister of Justice introduced Bill C-4, An Act to amend the Youth Criminal Justice Act (Sébastien’s Law (Protecting the Public from Violent Young Offenders)) and to make consequential and related amendments to other Acts in the House of Commons and it was given first reading. The bill amends the Youth Criminal Justice Act. Among other things, it • makes protection of society a primary goal of the act; • adds denunciation and deterrence to sentencing principles; • requires the Crown to consider seeking adult sentences for youth convicted of certain violent crimes, including murder, attempted murder, manslaughter and aggravated assault. The Crown would also be required to inform the court should they chose not to apply for an adult sentence; • requires that offenders under the age of 18 who are sentenced to custody will be placed in youth facilities only, even if they receive an adult sentence; • defines the terms “violent offence” and “serious offence”, amends the definition “serious violent offence” and repeals the definition “presumptive offence”; • allows the custody of young persons where they have committed an indictable offence for which an adult would be liable to imprisonment for a term of more than two years and has a history that indicates a pattern of extrajudicial sanctions; • in respect of pre-trial detention rules, detains youths charged with a “serious offence” while he or she awaits trial; and • requires the courts to consider lifting the publication ban on the names of young offenders convicted of “violent offences,” when youth sentences are given. The bill also requires police forces to keep records of extrajudicial measures used to deal with young persons, in order to make it easier to identify patterns of re-offending.

This is the official summary published by the Parliament of Canada, shown verbatim. Not legal advice. PoliticalData.ca did not write or edit this text.

View on LEGISinfo

Parliamentary Process

Step 1
First reading
Not reached yet
Not reached

We don't have a plain-language summary for First reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.

Step 2
Second reading
Not reached yet
Not reached

We don't have a plain-language summary for Second reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.

Step 3
Third reading
Not reached yet
Not reached

We don't have a plain-language summary for Third reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.

Step 1
First reading
Mar 16, 2010
Completed

Bill C-4, concerning amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, completed its first reading in the House of Commons on March 16, 2010, and was subsequently referred to committee after second reading.

Introduction and first reading, Mar 16, 2010
End of stage activity, Mar 16, 2010
Chamber sittings
Introduction and first reading - Mar 16, 2010

Bill C-4, concerning amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, was introduced and debated for the first time in the House of Commons.

Step 2
Second reading
May 3, 2010
Completed

Bill C-4 completed second reading in the House of Commons on May 3, 2010, and was referred to a committee.

Second reading and referral to committee, May 3, 2010
End of stage activity, May 3, 2010
Chamber sittings
Debate at second reading - Mar 19, 2010

During the second reading debate of Bill C-4 in the House of Commons, Members discussed proposed amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act aimed at prioritizing public protection and accountability for young offenders, alongside other unrelated parliamentary business.

Debate at second reading - Apr 22, 2010

On April 22, 2010, the House of Commons convened to discuss multiple bills including Bill C-4 (Sébastien's Law) and Bill C-5 (International Transfer of Offenders Act), heard statements on various issues, and addressed routine parliamentary proceedings.

Debate at second reading - Apr 23, 2010

During a House of Commons debate on April 23, 2010, members discussed Bill C-4, focusing on amendments to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, with significant debate on rehabilitation versus punishment for young offenders and comparisons to Quebec's justice system.

Debate at second reading - May 3, 2010

During the second reading debate on Bill C-4, also known as Sébastien's Law, Members of Parliament discussed proposed changes to the Youth Criminal Justice Act, with significant debate focusing on the balance between public safety, rehabilitation, and the potential impact of measures like lifting publication bans on young offenders.

Step 3
Consideration in committee
Mar 23, 2011
Not completed

On March 23, 2011, the House of Commons was in the process of considering Bill C-4 in committee, a stage that was not completed on that day.

Step 4
Report stage
Not reached yet
Not reached

We don't have a plain-language summary for Report stage yet. The official source linked below is the full record.

Step 5
Third reading
Not reached yet
Not reached

We don't have a plain-language summary for Third reading yet. The official source linked below is the full record.

Debate and sitting links point to official parliamentary sources when LEGISinfo publishes them. Any plain-language discussion summaries should be generated from those official texts and reviewed before public display.

Vote Summary

No published recorded division

This bill is still active. We only show vote counts after the legislature publishes a recorded division.

Sponsor
Rob Nicholson
Sponsor party or district not listed
Jurisdiction
Federal Parliament

No published representative vote breakdown

This bill is still moving through the process. When a recorded division is published, representative positions can be listed here.

Official sources

Status, sponsor, votes, and timeline on this page are drawn from these official legislative sources and public records. Each summary above is attributed to its own source.

How this data is sourced